The Story Behind The School Gardens

The King’s School gardens are dedicated to Margaret Creighton, the wife of Cuthbert Creighton, who was the  Headmaster of King’s from 1919-1936 and 1940-2.

Cuthbert Creighton was born on 26th July 1876 in Worcester, which was where he passed most of his childhood as his father was a Canon of Worcester Cathedral between 1885 and 1891. He married Margaret Bruce on 15th April 1913, when he was thirty-seven. Margaret Bruce had been born in Ravello, Italy, on 23rd August 1881, but was living in London by the time she married Cuthbert.

Margaret gave birth to a son, Tom, in 1916 and another son, Hugh, in 1919. Tom was born in Kensington, London, whereas Hugh was born in Worcester, presumably in their home. For four years the family lived happily in Worcester as Cuthbert was Headmaster of King’s, however tragedy struck on 2nd February 1923 when Margaret died in childbirth along with their third child. She was forty-one years old. Their unfortunate deaths shocked the entire King’s community.

Cuthbert Creighton responded to the shockingly premature death of his wife by buying the remainder of the King’s site (the allotments lying between King’s and the river) from the Ecclesiastical Commissioners and laid it out as gardens which he gave to the school. He named them “The Creighton Memorial Gardens” in memory of Margaret Creighton and they were unveiled in 1931.

The gardens remain at King’s to this day in their original location at the side of the River Severn. The main focal point of the gardens is a fountain topped with a small statue of Sabrina, the Goddess of the River Severn.

The Winslow Building: Colonists, Carnage and Cattle

The Winslow Building at King’s Worcester, home of Physics and Chemistry, does not initially appear to be a building of particular historical interest, however it is named after one of the founding fathers of the America, Edward Winslow.

Edward Winslow was born on 18th October 1595 in Droitwich and he was a King’s scholar from 1606 to 1611. During his time at school, King’s was very different to how we know it now. School days lasted for eleven hours and lessons included subjects such as Rhetoric (the study of persuasive speech and writing) and Mythology.

At the age of eighteen, Edward was apprenticed to a printer and was later head-hunted by separatist William Brewer as he was looking for young men to produce Puritan writings, which were banned in England. Separatists were people who believed that the Church of England was too catholic. This group later decided that their only option was to take their beliefs to the New World and their expedition was financed by certain Worcestershire “gentlemen” as well as the company of the Merchant Adventurers.

The pilgrims sailed on 6th September 1620 aboard the Mayflower for America with roughly 102 passengers (the minority being pilgrims) and 40 crew on board. Their voyage across the Atlantic was appalling as the main beam was broken during a severe storm. Although only one person actually died aboard the Mayflower, at least half the settlers died in America during the particularly harsh winter of 1620/1 and the mortality rate of women was very high. Both the leaders of the expedition, John Carver and William Bradford, lost their wives and Edward Winslow’s own wife may have died from scurvy.

Edward Winslow’s signature is third on the Mayflower Compact, just below the two leaders’ signatures

 

Fortunes began to change for the 53 survivors when native Indians taught them the ways of hunting and harvesting and they all celebrated the harvesting of the first crops on what would later become known as  Thanksgiving Day in November 1621.

Edward Winslow was responsible for the first cattle export to New England – three heifers and a bull – in 1625 and was elected as Governor of New Plymouth in 1633. He worked under Oliver Cromwell for the remainder of his life and died on an expedition to attack Spanish possessions in the West Indies. He was buried at sea off Hispaniola in the Caribbean.

Number 12: From House to History Department

Some may know that Number 12 has not always been always been part of the King’s School and others may know that it used to be a house, but how much do we really know about its history?

Number 12 was built in the late sixteenth to early seventeenth century on College Green which was the site of the inner courtyard of the original monastery. It was substantially rebuilt in 1764 although the medieval front was most likely retained and was used as a house for Cathedral clergy until 1975.

In 1844 the house was enlarged and 5 bedrooms, 4 dressing rooms, and a bathroom were added at a cost of £750.

The last Cathedral occupants, Canon Peter Eliot and his wife Lady Aletha Eliot, lived in Number 12 until 1975. Canon Eliot became a member of the King’s governing body during his time in College Green and spent his free time producing sketches and artwork based around the buildings of College Green.

Canon Eliot’s Sketch of 12 College Green

 

Number 12 did not become part of King’s until 1979 when Andrew Milne secured a 125-year lease on the building. It was divided into 12 and 12a. 12a became the residence of the school chaplain during the era of boarding, later becoming Eliot House. This was a boarding house introduced in 1986 — around a decade after girls were introduced into the Sixth Form — due to a large increase of day girls. It was a girls’ day house with 26 pupils in its opening year. Day girls were later integrated into boys’ day houses and Eliot House closed in 1992. Number 12 then became home to the History and Economics department with a few English classrooms too.

Eliot House Girls 1986-7

Eliot House Girls 1988-9

 

To this day Number 12 remains the home of History and Economics as well as Business, which was added in 1998, and Politics, which was added in 2009. English was moved to Choir House after it reopened in 2001. Number 12 is also a Grade 2 listed building which was first listed in 1954.

From Diphtheria to Scarlet Fever: Previous Epidemics at King’s

Coronavirus has had a monumental impact on life at King’s but this is not the first time that the school has had to adapt to disruptive illnesses.

In 1880, an outbreak of diphtheria in School House led to Mr Bolland and his boarders having to move to Sherwood House in Powick near Worcester for a month. This outbreak was caused by the insanitary conditions of School House and after another outbreak less than a month after they returned, School House was condemned.

Mr Bollands diary entry (transcription below)

 

Scarlet fever was a particular problem for the school throughout the twentieth century. In 1901, an epidemic led to King’s having to close for ten days in order to quarantine the students. Due to the quick action, the number of boys struck down by the fever was limited to six. However, a later epidemic in 1932 saw the majority of the school being absent with only 50 students being present on one day. In 1947, a further epidemic led to as many as 230 out of the 370 boys being off at one time.

School House dormitory in 1905 showing the crowded conditions in which boys lived

 

An outbreak of Asian flu in 1951 caused major inconvenience to King’s as it arrived almost overnight and left teachers trying to teach classes completely decimated by the illness. As the teachers and pupils did not have access to online lessons, they were given an extended holiday!

Throughout the twentieth century the attitude to epidemics was very different to how we view them today. The current coronavirus pandemic has led to major changes within our school and it was completely unexpected. During the twentieth century the view was almost completely opposite. It was considered an achievement to get to the end of a school year without having experienced some kind of outbreak, whether that was scarlet fever, chicken pox, measles or influenza.